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1.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 94(2): 140-145, Mar.-Apr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-894112

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of videothoracoscopic surgery in the treatment of complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion and to determine whether there is a difference in the videothoracoscopic surgery outcome before or after the chest tube drainage. Methods The medical records of 79 children (mean age 35 months) undergoing videothoracoscopic surgery from January 2000 to December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The same treatment algorithm was used in the management of all patients. Patients were divided into two groups: in group 1, videothoracoscopic surgery was performed as the initial procedure; in group 2, videothoracoscopic surgery was performed after previous chest tube drainage. Results Videothoracoscopic surgery was effective in 73 children (92.4%); the other six (7.6%) needed another procedure. Sixty patients (75.9%) were submitted directly to videothoracoscopic surgery (group 1) and 19 (24%) primarily underwent chest tube drainage (group 2). Primary videothoracoscopic surgery was associated with a decrease of hospital stay (p = 0.05), time to resolution (p = 0.024), and time with a chest tube (p < 0.001). However, there was no difference between the groups regarding the time until fever resolution, time with a chest tube, and the hospital stay after videothoracoscopic surgery. No differences were observed between groups regarding the need for further surgery and the presence of complications. Conclusions Videothoracoscopic surgery is a highly effective procedure for treating children with complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion. When videothoracoscopic surgery is indicated in the presence of loculations (stage II or fibrinopurulent), no difference were observed in time of clinical improvement and hospital stay among the patients with or without chest tube drainage before videothoracoscopic surgery.


Resumo Objetivos Avaliar a eficácia da cirurgia torácica videoassistida no tratamento de derrame pleural parapneumônico complicado e determinar se há diferença no resultado da cirurgia torácica videoassistida realizada antes ou depois da drenagem torácica. Métodos Analisamos retrospectivamente prontuários médicos de 79 crianças (idade média de 35 meses) submetidas a cirurgia torácica videoassistida de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2011. O mesmo algoritmo de tratamento foi utilizado no manejo de todos os pacientes. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: o Grupo 1 foi submetido a cirurgia torácica videoassistida como procedimento inicial; o Grupo 2 foi submetido a cirurgia torácica videoassistida após drenagem torácica prévia. Resultados A cirurgia torácica videoassistida foi eficaz em 73 crianças (92,4%); as outras seis (7,6%) necessitaram outro procedimento. Sessenta pacientes (75,9%) foram diretamente submetidos a cirurgia torácica videoassistida (Grupo 1) e 19 (24%) foram primeiramente submetidos a drenagem torácica (Grupo 2). A cirurgia torácica videoassistida primária foi associada à redução do tempo de internação (p = 0,05), do tempo para resolução (p = 0,024) e do tempo com o tubo torácico (p < 0,001). Contudo, não houve diferença entre os grupos a respeito do tempo até que não tivessem mais febre, do tempo com o tubo torácico e do tempo de internação após a cirurgia torácica videoassistida. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos com relação à necessidade de cirurgia adicional e à presença de complicações. Conclusões A cirurgia torácica videoassistida é um procedimento altamente eficaz para tratar crianças com derrame pleural parapneumônico complicado. Quando a cirurgia torácica vídeoassistida é indicada na presença de loculações (fase II ou fibrinopurulenta) não há diferença no tempo de melhora clínica e no tempo de internação entre os pacientes com ou sem drenagem torácica antes da cirurgia torácica videoassistida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Pneumonia/surgery , Chest Tubes , Drainage/methods , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Pneumonia/complications , Time Factors , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
2.
J. bras. pneumol ; 43(5): 344-350, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893862

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the best time to perform thoracoscopy for the treatment of complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion in the fibrinopurulent phase in patients ≤ 14 years of age, regarding the postoperative evolution and occurrence of complications. Methods: This was a retrospective comparative study involving patients with parapneumonic pleural effusion presenting with septations or loculations on chest ultrasound who underwent thoracoscopy between January of 2000 and January of 2013. The patients were divided into two groups: early thoracoscopy (ET), performed by day 5 of hospitalization; and late thoracoscopy (LT), performed after day 5 of hospitalization. Results: We included 60 patients, 30 in each group. The mean age was 3.4 years; 28 patients (46.7%) were male; and 47 (78.3%) underwent primary thoracoscopy (no previous simple drainage). The two groups were similar regarding gender, age, weight, and type of thoracoscopy (p > 0.05 for all). There was a significant difference between the ET and the LT groups regarding the length of the hospital stay (14.5 days vs. 21.7 days; p < 0.001). There were also significant differences between the groups regarding the duration of fever in days; the total number of days from admission to the initiation of drainage; and the total number of days with the drain in place. Eight patients (13.6%) had at least one post-thoracoscopy complication, there being no difference between the groups. There were no deaths. Conclusions: Performing ET by day 5 of hospitalization was associated with shorter hospital stays, shorter duration of drainage, and shorter duration of fever, although not with a higher frequency of complications, requiring ICU admission, or requiring blood transfusion.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o melhor momento para a realização de toracoscopia no tratamento de derrame pleural parapneumônico complicado na fase fibrinopurulenta em pacientes ≤ 14 anos de idade quanto a evolução e ocorrência de complicações pós-operatórias. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo e comparativo com pacientes com derrame pleural parapneumônico que apresentavam septações ou loculações à ultrassonografia de tórax e que foram submetidos a toracoscopia no período entre janeiro de 2000 e janeiro de 2013. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: toracoscopia precoce (TP), realizada até o 5º dia da hospitalização; e toracoscopia tardia (TT), realizada após o 5º dia de internação. Resultados: Foram incluídas 60 pacientes, 30 em cada grupo. A média de idade foi de 3,4 anos, 28 pacientes (46,7%) eram do sexo masculino, e 47 (78,3%) foram submetidos à toracoscopia primária, sem realização de drenagem simples prévia. Os grupos TP e TT foram semelhantes quanto ao sexo, idade, peso e tipo de toracoscopia (p > 0,05 para todos). Observou-se uma diferença significativa quanto à média de duração da internação nos grupos TP e TT (14,5 dias vs. 21,7 dias; p < 0,001). Houve também diferenças significativas entre os grupos quanto ao total de dias com febre, total de dias entre internação e início da drenagem e total de dias com dreno. Oito pacientes (13,6%) apresentaram alguma complicação após a toracoscopia, sem diferença entre os grupos. Não houve óbitos. Conclusões: A TP, realizada até o 5º dia da admissão hospitalar, associou-se a menor duração da internação, menor tempo de drenagem e menor duração da febre, sem estar associada a maior frequência de complicações, necessidade de CTI ou hemotransfusão.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Thoracoscopy/methods , Length of Stay , Pleural Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
3.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-138670

ABSTRACT

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) encompasses a continuum of hamartomatous cystic lung lesions characterised by the presence of abnormal bronchiolar structures of varying sizes or distribution. The CCAM is a disorder of infancy with majority of the cases being diagnosed within the first two years of life. We describe CCAM in a 13-yearold girl complaining of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections since infancy who presented with post-infectious pneumatocele with loculated pleural effusion, and suspected abscess formation and had undergone resection.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital/complications , Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital/diagnosis , Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lung Abscess/diagnosis , Lung Abscess/etiology , Lung Abscess/surgery , Photomicrography , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Radiography, Thoracic , Thoracotomy/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
4.
Rev. med. (Säo Paulo) ; 90(1): 15-28, jan.-mar. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-746915

ABSTRACT

Cerca de 40% dos pacientes portadores de pneumoniadesenvolverão derrame pleural parapneumônico (DPP), o que está associado a considerável morbimortalidade. O DPP possui três fases: exsudativa, fibrino-purelenta e de organização, que representam o progresso da doença. Apesar das várias opções de tratamento existentes, a conduta terapêutica não está bemestabelecida, visto que para cada fase a eficácia de cada método é variável. Procurou-se, nesta revisão de literatura, analisar as diversas opções disponíveis e os critérios que determinam suaindicação. De modo geral, o uso da toracocentese terapêutica deve ser restrito a casos de DPP simples pequenos, que ocupam até metade do hemitórax. Já a toracostomia com drenagem fechada apresenta indicação mais ampla: DPP simples volumosos ouDPP complicados e empiema livres na cavidade. Para tais casos com múltiplas loculações, a decorticação vídeo-assistida (VATS) constitui o tratamento ideal. Por fim, a decorticação por toracotomia está indicada em casos mais crônicos com encarceramentopulmonar, embora existam evidências de que a VATS também pode ser empregada nesses casos e, em caso de necessidade, convertida no intra-operatório para toracotomia. Em relação aos agentes fibrinolíticos, os dados existentes sobre sua eficácia sãocontraditórios, de modo que seu uso ainda é restrito...


At least, 40% of all patients with pneumonia will have a parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE), which is associated to considerable morbidity and mortality. The PPE has three phases: exsudative, fibrinopurulent and organizing, which represent the development of the disease. Despite the great number of therapeutic methods, the PPE management is not well established, because for each phase the success rate of each technique is variable. The objective of this review of literature was to analyzeeach method available and its indications. Briefly, the use oftherapeutic thoracocentesis is restricted to small simple PPE, which are limited to half of the hemithorax. On the other hand, tube thoracostomy has a wider indication: large simple effusions and free-flowing complicated PPE or empyema. For multiloculated cases, the Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) is recommendable. Finally, the decortication through thoracotomy isindicated for chronic cases with lung entrapment, although there areevidences that VATS can be used too and, if needed, converted tothoracotomy in the operation room. Regarding thrombolytics, the data available about its efficacy is controversial, thereby its use isstill very restricted...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Thoracic Surgery , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Review Literature as Topic , Pneumonia , Thoracotomy
5.
Cuad. cir ; 25(1): 25-30, 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-695677

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La videotoracoscopía constituye un abordaje mínimamente invasivo del tórax de gran desarrollo en las últimas décadas, permitiendo la realización de prácticamente todos los procedimientos quirúrgicos del tórax. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar nuestra experiencia inicial con el uso de la videotoracoscopía, sus resultados y realizar una revisión de la literatura. Material y métodos: Se revisó una serie de casos retrospectiva de todos los pacientes intervenidos por vía videotoracoscópica en el Hospital Base Osorno, entre Octubre del 2005 y Septiembre del 2011. Resultados: Se realizaron 31 videotoracoscopías en 29 pacientes. Dieciocho (62 por ciento) pacientes fueron de sexo masculino y 11 (28 por ciento) de sexo femenino. La edad promedio fue de 46,2 +- 16 años de edad. Las indicaciones más frecuentes fueron: estudio de nódulos pulmonares sospechosos de metástasis, empiema pleural y derrame pleural en estudio. Los procedimientos realizados con mayor frecuencia fueron debridaje y aseo, biopsia incisional y biopsia en cuña de nódulos pulmonares. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 80,1 +- 43,4 minutos. El tiempo de hospitalización post operatoria promedio fue de 10 +- 10,1 días (rango 1 a 36 días). No hubo mortalidad perioperatoria en la serie. Discusión: Nuestros resultados son satisfactorios y acorde a los reportados en la literatura.


Introduction: the video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) is a minimally invasive approach to thoracic surgery with a great development in recent decades, allowing the performance of almost all thoracic surgical procedures. The aim of this study is to present our initial experience with the use of VATS, its results and review the literature. Material and methods: We reviewed a retrospective case series of all patients undergoing VATS in the Hospital Base Osorno between October 2005 and September 2011. Results: We performed 31 VATS in 29 patients. Eighteen (62 percent patients were male and 11 (28 percent female. The average age was 46.2 +- 16 years. The most frequent indications were: study of suspected pulmonary metastasis, pleural empyema and pleura effusion. The most frequently performed procedures were drainage, incisional biopsy and wedge biopsy of lung nodules. The mean operative time was 80.1 +- 43.4 minutes. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 10 +- 10.1 days (range 1 to 36 days). There was no mortality. Discussion: Our results are satisfactory and consistent with those reported in the literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted/methods , Empyema, Pleural/surgery , Pneumothorax/surgery , Thoracoscopy/methods , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Length of Stay , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Pericardial Window Techniques , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
6.
J. bras. pneumol ; 35(7): 660-668, jul. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-521395

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar a eficácia da toracoscopia em crianças com derrame pleural parapneumônico complicado (DPPC) na fase fibrinopurulenta. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de 99 crianças submetidas à toracoscopia paratratamento de DPPC na fase fibrinopurulenta entre novembro de 1995 e julho de 2005. A média de idade foi de 2,6 anos (variação, 0,4-12 anos) e 60% eram do sexo masculino. A toracoscopia foi realizada em três hospitais diferentes utilizando-se o mesmo algoritmo de tratamento. Resultados: A toracoscopia foi eficaz em 87 crianças (88%) e 12 (12%) necessitaram de outro procedimento cirúrgico: nova toracoscopia (n = 6) ou toracotomia/pleurostomia (n = 6). O tempo médio de drenagem torácica foi de 3 dias nas crianças em que a toracoscopia foi efetiva e de 10 dias naquelas que precisaram de outro procedimento (p < 0,001). A infecção pleural de todas as crianças foi debelada após o tratamento. As complicações da toracoscopia foram fuga aérea (30%) e sangramento pelo dreno torácico (12%), enfisema subcutâneo na inserção do trocarte (2%) e infecção da ferida operatória (2%). Nenhuma criança necessitou de reoperação devido às complicações. Conclusões: A efetividade da toracoscopia em criançascom DPPC na fase fibrinopurulenta foi de 88%. O procedimento mostrou-se seguro, com baixa taxa de complicaçõesgraves, devendo ser considerado como primeira opção em crianças com DPPC na fase fibrinopurulenta.


Objective: To determine the efficacy of thoracoscopy in the management of children with complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion at the fibrinopurulent stage. Methods: Retrospective study of 99 children submitted to thoracoscopy for the treatment of complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion at the fibrinopurulent stage between Novemberof 1995 and July of 2005. The mean age was 2.6 years (range, 0.4-12 years), and 60% were males. Thoracoscopywas performed at three different hospitals following the same treatment algorithm. Results: Thoracoscopy waseffective for 87 children (88%). In 12 (12%), a second surgical procedure was required: another thoracoscopy (n = 6) or thoracotomy/thoracostomy (n = 6). Mean duration of chest tube drainage following successful thoracoscopy was 3 days vs. 10 days in patients submitted to a second procedure (p < 0.001). In all of the children, the pleural infection resolved after treatment. Thoracoscopy-related complications included air leak (30%), chest tube bleeding (12%), subcutaneous emphysema associated with trocar insertion (2%) and surgical wound infection (2%). None of the children required additional surgical procedures due to the complications. Conclusions: The effectiveness of thoracoscopy in children with parapneumonic pleural effusion at the fibrinopurulent stage was 88%. Theprocedure was safe, with a low rate of severe complications. Thoracoscopy should be the first-choice treatment forchildren with parapneumonic pleural effusion at the fibrinopurulent stage.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Paracentesis , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Thoracoscopy/standards , Algorithms , Paracentesis/adverse effects , Pneumothorax/surgery , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Statistics, Nonparametric , Suppuration/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Thoracoscopy/adverse effects
8.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 19(1): 32-37, jan.-mar. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-546393

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o derrame pleural em crianças com pneumonia bacteriana; ocorre em até 50 por cento das vezes. Objetivo: avaliar a abordagem do derrame pleural parapneumônico nos úlimos cinco anos no Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG. Metodologia: análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de todos os pacientes submetidos à toracocentese, drenagem pleural ou videotoracoscopia no período de janeiro de 2002 a julho de 2007. Resultados: foram estudados 21 pacientes, 71,4 por cento do sexo masculino e idade média de 70,4 meses. Um terço dos pacientes foi encaminhado do interior do estado. A maioria (86 por cento) apresentava comorbidades. A duração da internação variou entre quatro e cinquenta dias, média de 16,4 dias. Os procedimentos realizados foram drenagem pleural direta (42,8 por cento), toracocentese seguida de drenagem (28,6 por cento) e apenas toracocentese (28,6 por cento). Nos dois primeiros grupos, não houve diferença significativa quanto ao tempo de internação. ideotoracoscopia foi realizada em quatro pacientes, em média 11,5 dias após o início da pneumonia. A penas dois de seis pacientes com sinais de organização à ultrasonografia foram submetidos à videotoracoscopia. O tempo médio de permanência com dreno de tórax foi de 8,8 dias. As médias da duraço da internação e da permanência do dreno foram significativamente mais baixas nos pacientes procedentes de Belo Horizonte(p=0,01). Não foram encontradas associações entre tipo de procedimento, tempo decorrido para realização destes e duração da internação. Conclusões: a duração da internação hospitalar dos pacientes aqui observados foi mais prolongada do que o relatado na literatura. Ressalta-se a importância de se reavaliar o papel da videotoracoscopia na redução da morbidade e duração da internação desses pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Pneumonia/complications , Retrospective Studies , Hospitals, University
9.
Bahrain Medical Bulletin. 2009; 31 (4): 158-160
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-102561

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the role of thoracoscopic management of complicated parapneumonic effusions [CPE] in very young children. Division of Pediatric Surgery, Salmaniya Medical Complex. Very young children with complicated parapneumonic effusions were prospectively studied between January 2007 and December 2008. Eleven patients under the age of two year with the diagnosis of complicated parapneumonic effusions underwent thoracoscopic management. The patients had chest X-ray, Ultrasound and CT scan of the chest. The patients received antibiotic 3-6 weeks prior to thoracoscopy without improvement. The patients received fibrinolytic agent on the second postoperative day. Three trocars used, one 5 mm for the camera and two 5 mm for working forceps on semilateral position. Eleven cases of CPE were studied during a 2-year period; the age had ranged from 5 to 24 months [average 12 months]. In 3 cases, Streptococcus pneumoniae was found from pleural fluid. Two cases have chest tube before thoracoscopy. Postoperative chest tube drainage had ranged from 3-20 days [average 5 days]. Postoperative Febrile days had ranged from 1- 4 days [average 2 days]. Post thoracoscopy hospital stay had ranged from 5-21 days [average 7 days]. No intra-operative or postoperative major complications were encountered. Three cases developed minor surgical emphysema, which resolved spontaneously. Follow up ranging from 6-12 months [average 6 months] resulted normal recovery and good cosmesis. In this study, the initial outcome of thoracoscopic management of complicated parapneumonic effusions in very young children was safe and effective. Randomized controlled study will lead to the development of standards therapy in these cases


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Thoracoscopy , Pneumonia/complications , Prospective Studies , Infant , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Disease Management
10.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 24(4): 304-308, dic. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-512439

ABSTRACT

Multiple myeloma is a low malignant, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which is characterized by infiltration of the bone marrow by clonal proliferation of atypical plasma cells. Extramedullary manifestations are relatively rare. Serous effusions in multiple myeloma are uncommon (6 percent of cases) but a myelomatous pleural effusion occurring in these patients is extremely rare. Plasma cell leukemia, occurring either de novo or in patients with long standing multiple myeloma, is the least common type of plasma cell dyscrasia. The authors describe the course of plasma cellular leukemia in a 63-year-old male patient where the first manifestation of the disease was a bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia and a contralateral pleural exudate with a cytological finding of plasma cells. The exudate disappeared after the first cycle of chemotherapy (vincristine, adriamycin, dexamethasone). After the third cycle of chemotherapy remission of the disease was recorded which was, however, short. After three months' remission the disease recurred, consequently underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation. The patient has maintained complete remission for 12 months after diagnosis. Pleural effusion is an unusual but important complication of multiple myeloma and does not necessarily carry the grave prognosis implied in previous reports.


El mieloma múltiple es una neoplasia maligna de células plasmáticas que invade la médula ósea y otros tejidos. Las manifestaciones extramedulares son relativamente raras. El derrame pleural en el mieloma múltiple es poco frecuente (6 por ciento de los casos), y el derrame pleural neoplásico es extremadamente raro. La leucemia de células plasmáticas, que se produce de novo o en pacientes con mieloma múltiple, es la variedad menos común de discrasia de células plasmáticas. Los autores describen el cuadro clínico de un paciente de 63 años con leucemia de células plasmáticas, donde la primera manifestación de la enfermedad fue una neumonía neumocócica bacteriémica asociado a un derrame pleural contralateral, que correspondió a un exudado predominio mononuclear. El examen citológico reveló abundantes células plasmáticas inmaduras en el líquido pleural y la sangre periférica. El derrame pleural desapareció después del primer ciclo de quimioterapia (vincristina, adriamicina, dexametasona). Después de tres meses de remisión, la enfermedad neoplásica recidivó, siendo el paciente sometido a trasplante autólogo de médula ósea. El paciente se ha mantenido en remisión completa un año después del diagnóstico. El derrame pleural es una complicación poco común, pero importante, del mieloma múltiple y no necesariamente conlleva un mal pronóstico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Multiple Myeloma/surgery , Multiple Myeloma/complications , Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy , Drug Therapy, Combination , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Pleural Effusion/drug therapy , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Doxorubicin/therapeutic use , Leukemia, Plasma Cell , Remission Induction , Transplantation, Autologous , Treatment Outcome , Vincristine/therapeutic use
11.
J. bras. pneumol ; 34(8): 559-566, ago. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-491946

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a drenagem pleural através de válvula unidirecional de tórax no pós-operatório de ressecção pulmonar eletiva. MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas 39 ressecções pulmonares, de forma prospectiva e com análise descritiva, em pacientes que utilizaram a válvula unidirecional de tórax (VUT) como o método de drenagem pleural durante o período pós-operatório. Foram excluídos os pacientes com idade inferior a 12 anos, os submetidos à pneumectomia ou a operação de urgência, os que não completaram o seguimento do estudo e os pacientes que utilizaram o sistema de frasco em selo d'água como método inicial de drenagem pleural. Observou-se a expansão pulmonar, o tempo de permanência com o sistema de drenagem, o período de internação e as complicações pós-operatórias. RESULTADOS: Neste estudo, foram incluídos e analisados 36 pacientes. A média de permanência com o sistema de drenagem pleural foi de 3,0 ± 1,6 dias. O laudo da radiografia de tórax, realizado após 30 dias do procedimento cirúrgico foi considerado normal em 34 (95,2 por cento) pacientes. Ocorreram oito (22,4 por cento) casos de complicações pós-operatórias, sendo três (8,4 por cento) relacionadas à VUT. CONCLUSÕES: A utilização da VUT no pós-operatório de ressecção pulmonar eletiva foi eficiente, bem tolerada e apresentou baixo índice de complicação.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pleural drainage using a one-way flutter valve following elective lung resection. METHODS: This was a prospective study, with descriptive analysis, of 39 lung resections performed using a one-way flutter valve to achieve pleural drainage during the postoperative period. Patients less than 12 years of age were excluded, as were those submitted to pneumonectomy or emergency surgery, those who were considered lost to follow-up and those in whom water-seal drainage was used as the initial method of pleural drainage. Lung expansion, duration of the drainage, hospital stay and postoperative complications were noted. RESULTS: A total of 36 patients were included and analyzed in this study. The mean duration of pleural drainage was 3.0 ± 1.6 days. At 30 days after the surgical procedure, chest X-ray results were considered normal for 34 patients (95.2 percent). Postoperative complications occurred in 8 patients (22.4 percent) and were related to the drainage system in 3 (8.4 percent) of those. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a one-way flutter valve following elective lung resection was effective, was well tolerated and presented a low rate of complications.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Chest Tubes/standards , Drainage/instrumentation , Pneumonectomy , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Drainage/methods , Lung Diseases/surgery , Postoperative Care , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
12.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 24(1): 35-39, mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-491770

ABSTRACT

Thoracoscopy was first described in 1910. Since then it has been used for the study and treatment of pleural diseases. Its main indications today are the study of exudative pleural effusions of unknown etiology and the pleurodesis procedure via talc poudrage. Thoracoscopy allows exploring the pleural cavity and taking biopsies of pleural lesions. It can be performed in the endoscopy room or in the operating room. It is usually done under local anesthesia with spontaneous breathing and intravenous mild sedation. The diagnostic yield in malignant pleural effusions is over 95 percent, and its efficacy in getting pleurodesis is over 90 percent. Thoracoscopy is a simple and well tolerated procedure. In neoplastic disease it is a much better technique than the percutaneous pleural biopsy because of its high diagnostic yield and because it allows to carry out pleurodesis at the same time. In patients who have poor prognosis it may avoid more complex procedures like video assisted thoracic surgery.


La toracoscopía fue descrita el año 1910. Desde entonces se ha utilizado para el estudio y tratamiento de la patología pleural. las indicaciones hoy en día se centran en el estudio diagnóstico de exudados pleurales de etiología desconocida y para realizar pleurodesis mediante la insuflación de talco. La toracoscopía permite visualizar la cavidad pleural y tomar biopsias dirigidas sobre las lesiones sospechosas. Puede efectuarse en sala de endoscopía o en pabellón. El procedimiento se efectúa con el paciente ventilando en forma espontánea, con anestesia local, analgesia y sedación endovenosa. En el derrame pleural maligno, el rendimiento diagnóstico es sobre el 95 por ciento, y la efectividad de la pleurodesis es mayor al 90 por ciento. La toracoscopía es un procedimiento simple y bien tolerado. Es una técnica muy superior a la biopsia pleural percutánea por su capacidad de realizar diagnóstico y tratamiento en el mismo acto quirúrgico. En pacientes con un mal pronóstico permite evitar procedimientos más complejos como la videotoracoscopía.


Subject(s)
Pleural Diseases/surgery , Pleural Diseases/diagnosis , Thoracoscopy/methods , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Thoracoscopes , Thoracoscopy , Thoracoscopy/adverse effects
13.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 24(1): 27-34, mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-491771

ABSTRACT

In the last years important advances have taken place in the surgical field allowing to treat practically all pleural pathologies by video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), with prompt recovery and minimal morbidity and mortality. Internists had also perfected the medical thoracoscopy, a technique used for the study of pleural diseases, which also allows performing some therapeutic procedures. The present article briefly comments the history of medical thoracoscopy and VATS and their current applications. A critical analysis of the principal indications of medical thoracoscopy is presented: study of pleural effusions, management of malignant pleural effusion and spontaneous pneumothorax. The results are compared, in view of the existing evidence, with other less complex surgical procedures and VATS.


En los últimos años se han producido importantes avances en las técnicas quirúrgicas que permiten tratar prácticamente todas las patologías pleurales y pulmonares por videotoracoscopía, con una rápida recuperación postoperatoria y mínima morbi-mortalidad. Se ha perfeccionado además por médicos internistas la toracoscopía médica, técnica utilizada para el estudio de las enfermedades de la pleura, que permite también realizar algunos procedimientos terapéuticos. En el presente artículo se comenta brevemente la historia de la videotoracoscopía y la toracoscopía médica y sus aplicaciones actuales. Se realiza un análisis crítico de las principales indicaciones de la toracoscopía médica: estudio de derrames pleurales, manejo del derrame pleural de origen neoplásico y del neumotorax espontáneo. Sus resultados se comparan, a la luz de la evidencia existente, con otros procedimientos quirúrgicos menos complejos y con la videotoracoscopía.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted/methods , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Pleural Diseases/surgery , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/surgery , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/etiology , Pleural Diseases/pathology , Neoplasms/pathology , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Thoracoscopy/methods
15.
Acta Medica Iranica. 2008; 46 (4): 291-294
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-85614

ABSTRACT

Parapneumonic effusion is a common accompaniment of bacterial pneumonia and mostly is resolved with medical management. We studied the etiology and possible underlying causes of complicated parapneumonic effusion and timing of pulmonary decortication. A descriptive study on 34 patients with postpneumonic empyema which required decortication carried out. Post surgical and post traumatic empyema were excluded. Patients' age ranged from 20 to 75 with a mean of 46 years. The most common clinical findings were fever [90%], pleural dull pain [80%], productive cough [73%] and dyspnea [70%]. PPD test was negative in all patients. In 78%, white cell count was normal; in remainder it was more than 10.000. Bacteriological findings were negative and acid fast bacilli were not detected. All patients underwent posterolateral thoracotomy and decortication and completely expansible lung was achieved. Tissue diagnosis after decorticating showed tuberculosis in 8 [24%] patients and necrotic tissue in remainder. Average medical management time and postoperative hospital stay were 38 +/- 2 and 6.7 +/- 2 days, respectively. Morbidity rates were acceptable and there was one late mortality. No recurrence was happened. In parapneumonic effusions not responding to standard treatment, tuberculosis must be considered, especially in addicted persons, positive family history and ESR > 100. In complicated parapneumonic effusion, early thoracotomy and full decortication is recommend because it is diagnostic, allows control of infection, releases the pulmonary entrapment, early discharge from hospital, need not further antibiotic administration and is cost benefit


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pleural Effusion/complications , Pneumonia/complications , Lung/pathology , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Tuberculosis , Thoracotomy , Empyema , Fever , Cough , Dyspnea
16.
Acta cancerol ; 35(1): 66-70, ene.-jun. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-673590

ABSTRACT

Se presenta la casuística un grupo de pacientes que fueron sometidos a videotoracoscopía o toracoscopía, procedimiento realizado por los cirujanos de tórax del Departamento de Tórax del Instituto de Enfermedades Neoplásicas entre 1996 a 2002, técnica quirúrgica realizada con fines de diagnóstico y tratamiento en enfermos con patología pleural, pulmonar, mediastinal, pericardio, de pared del tórax, entre otros.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Medical Illustration , Thoracoscopy , Thoracic Injuries/surgery
17.
Cir. & cir ; 74(6): 409-414, nov.-dic. 2006. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-571245

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el derrame pleural es una entidad clínica frecuente, su estudio y manejo son importantes para resolverlo. El objetivo fue evaluar los resultados inmediatos de los procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos en casos consecutivos de derrame pleural. Material y métodos: durante un periodo de 12 meses, de 787 pacientes hospitalizados, 156 (19.8 %) presentaron derrame pleural. También se evaluaron 22 casos de neumotórax considerados como derrame gaseoso y 10 con empiema crónico. Resultados y discusión: en 23 casos no neoplásicos, la toracentesis diagnóstica y evacuadora resolvió el derrame. El drenaje con sonda intrapleural conectada a sello de agua se practicó en 133: en 109 (81.9 %) se resolvió el derrame y en 24 se practicaron otros procedimientos. En este grupo el derrame fue neoplásico en 35 y no neoplásico en 98, incluidos 36 iatrogénicos; 22 casos de neumotórax se consideraron como derrame gaseoso y fueron tratados con sonda intrapleural; 10 casos de empiema crónico fueron estudiados como secuelas de derrames, no fueron resueltos con los procedimientos mencionados. Hubo diferencia significativa entre derrames neoplásicos y no neoplásicos (p = 0.001), y entre casos manejados con procedimientos de invasión mínima y sonda intrapleural (p = 0.001), por comparación de proporciones. Se comenta la utilidad de la pleurodesis y la toracoscopia en el tratamiento del derrame. En casos crónicos la toracostomía en ventana y mioplastia consecutiva tienen indicación precisa. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos del derrame pleural son importantes. La colocación de sonda pleural resuelve la mayoría de los casos (89.9 %). El neumotórax debe ser igualmente manejado. El empiema crónico requiere toracostomía en ventana y mioplastia. Las maniobras descuidadas o inadecuadas provocan derrames de naturaleza iatrogénica.


BACKGROUND: Pleural effusion is a common clinical entity. Proper diagnosis and management are important for successful treatment. We undertook this study to evaluate immediate results of the procedures used in a group of cases with pleural effusion. METHODS: Of 2589 patients at first consultation, 787 were hospitalized and 156 had pleural effusion. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures used were evaluated. RESULTS: With thoracentesis and evacuation of liquid, 23 nonneoplastic cases had resolution. Chest tube drainage with water seal was performed in 133 patients. This procedure suppressed the effusion in 109 patients, but in 24 patients another approach was necessary. In this group there were 35 neoplastic and 96 nonmalignant cases, the latter 36 were provoked by iatrogenic management. Twenty two cases of pneumothorax considered as gaseous effusion and 10 cases of chronic empyema sequelae of pleural effusions were also studied. Proportion comparison demonstrated significant differences between neoplastic and nonneoplastic effusions (p =0.001) and in cases managed with minimally invasive procedures and chest tube drainage (p =0.001). The performance of pleurodesis and thoracoscopy is discussed. In chronic cases, indications of open window thoracostomy and myoplasty are elucidated. CONCLUSIONS: In pleural effusion, opportune diagnosis and proper management are essential. Drainage tube can solve the majority of cases. Pneumothorax must be treated in the same way. In chronic empyema, open window thoracostomy and myoplasty are indicated. Careless patient management and poor treatment lead to iatrogenic complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Drainage/statistics & numerical data , Thoracostomy/statistics & numerical data , Chest Tubes/statistics & numerical data , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Pleural Effusion/complications , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Drainage/methods , Empyema, Pleural/etiology , Hospitalization , Hemothorax/etiology , Iatrogenic Disease , Pleural Neoplasms/complications , Lung Neoplasms/complications , Prospective Studies , Pleurodesis/statistics & numerical data , Pneumonia/complications , Pneumothorax/etiology , Thoracic Injuries/complications
18.
J. pneumol ; 28(3): 159-162, maio-jun. 2002. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-338998

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam um achado de derrame pleural maciço decorrente de pseudocisto de pâncreas. Para auxílio de diagnóstico foram realizadas radiografia, ultra-sonografia, REED, tomografia computadorizada toracoabdominal e dosagem de amilase no líquido pleural. O paciente foi submetido a tratamento clínico com suporte nutricional e toracocentese com esvaziamento pleural de 3.200ml. Após estabilização clínica/nutricional, foi indicada laparotomia, com a retirada do pseudocisto. O paciente apresentou boa evolução no pós-operatório, recebendo alta em boas condições clínicas. A partir do caso relatado, é feita uma revisão da literatura sobre a ocorrência de derrames pleurais associados à doença pancreática e seu diagnóstico


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Pancreatic Pseudocyst/complications , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Pancreatic Pseudocyst/surgery , Pancreatic Pseudocyst/diagnosis
20.
Rev. argent. cir ; 80(1/2): 1-5, ene.-feb. 2001. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-288121

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Los traumatismos penetrantes de tórax (TPT) constituyen una patología de creciente frecuencia, pudiendo asociarse a lesiones de estructuras vitales. Objetivo: Analizar los procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos empleados en su manejo. Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo. Población: 142 pacientes con TPT desde junio de 1997 a marzo de 1999. Métodos: Evaluación y manejo inicial según normas ATLS. Resultados: El avenamiento pleural fue el primer gesto terapéutico, siendo suficiente en la mayoría de los casos. A 14 pacientes se les efectuó toracotomía amplia como tratamiento inicial o complementario, mientras 4 pacientes fueron sometidos a videotoracoscopía (VTC) como tratamiento secundario antes de las 72 horas. En 8 pacientes adoptamos una conducta selectiva no operatoria, a través de controles clínicos y radiológicos. La estadía hospitalaria promedio fue de 6 días. La complicación más frecuente fue el hemotórax residual mínimo. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico y tratamiento de los TPT debe ser precoz, siendo el avenamiento pleural el primer gesto terapéutico. Las conductas no invasivas son adecuadas para injurias mínimas, bajo estricto control clínico y radiológico. Se recomienda el uso del ultrasonido y la TAC para valorar complicaciones y lesiones asociadas. Para resolver colecciones residuales proponemos la videotoracoscopía (VTC) y la toracotomía posterior respetando el Serrato mayor


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Abdominal Injuries/complications , Abdominal Injuries/etiology , Patient Care Management/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Thoracic Injuries/diagnosis , Thoracic Injuries/epidemiology , Wounds, Penetrating/etiology , Pericardial Effusion/surgery , Pericardial Effusion/etiology , Drainage/standards , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Pleural Effusion/surgery , Thoracoscopy/standards , Thoracotomy/standards
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